Journal of Arts, Culture and Society (J. Arts Cult. Soc.) is a peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary journal that explores the intersections of artistic expression, cultural heritage, and social transformation. It serves as a platform for academics, researchers, practitioners, and cultural policymakers to share original research, critical analyses, and creative insights on topics spanning the visual arts, literature, performing arts, cultural studies, heritage preservation, and the role of art in shaping social identity and public discourse. The journal encourages contributions that highlight cross-cultural perspectives, interdisciplinary approaches, and the social impact of art and culture in both historical and contemporary contexts. By fostering dialogue between theory and practice, Journal of Arts, Culture and Society seeks to advance scholarly understanding and inspire cultural innovation at local, national, and global levels.
IMPACT OF LIMITED CREATIVE ARTS EDUCATION ON STUDENT CONFIDENCE IN UNDER-RESOURCED SCHOOLS
One of the most important areas for developing confidence, self-expression, imagination and emotions in the students is the creative arts education. However, in other schools, students often have limited opportunities to participate in arts programs due to lack of funding, qualified arts teachers, materials, and/or institutional interest in non-core subjects. This paper explores the impact of restricted access to creative arts education on under-resourced school settings on student confidence and student expression. The study demonstrates that frequent opportunities to engage in drawing, music, drama, dance and other creative activities are needed to ensure that the pupils' emotions, exploration of identity and self-belief are not undermined. In Creative Arts students have the opportunity to create a space in which they feel safe enough to put their thoughts out there that they know will not be called into question in other subjects. This is particularly in relation to learners who struggle to communicate verbally, socially and/or academically. The paper suggests that creative arts education must be taken as a compulsory subject rather than optional since it relates to the concept of holistic education. In under-resourced schools, having greater access to arts programs can foster greater confidence, creativity, emotional expression, classroom engagement and student development.
Creative arts education; under-resourced schools; student confidence; self-expression; educational inequality
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
SOCIAL CLASS AND REGIONAL IDENTITY GAPS IN LOW-BUDGET INDEPENDENT CINEMA
Independent film has come with a reputation for its creativity, realism and its depiction of stories that are not found in mainstream commercial films. The low-budget genre, however, is both relatively new and original in many ways and can be utilized to achieve representation gaps and inequities of class and region. The independent film's depiction of working class communities, rural areas, minority territories and socially dislocated communities is examined in this paper. It queries whether the low cost film offers a true representation of marginalised groups, or it is a narrow, stereotyped or urban based story. It shows that an independent moving maker's thematic choices can revolve around poverty, migration, unemployment, cultural identity and regional conflict, which may be shaped by financial constraints, market factors, and the process of festivalization, but that this can affect the quality and depth of the portrayals. According to the paper, social class and regional identity are not only part of the backstory of independent film but also they are important factors in character, conflict and audience interpretation. The research sheds light on the existing issues and concerns regarding inclusivity, cultural diversity and social justice in the modern film-making and highlights the gaps which are to be explored further. The findings suggest that independent cinema has tremendous potential to challenge dominant representations, but this potential cannot be realized if film-makers are not more critical and attentive to class diversity, region and community-based representations and stories.
Independent cinema; representation gaps; social class; regional identity; low-budget films
DECLINE OF FOLK ELEMENTS AND CULTURAL IDENTITY IN MODERN POPULAR MUSIC
Within the past few decades, there has been a significant transformation in the production of popular music – in its creation, recording, dissemination and experience. On the other hand, digital technology, worldwide streaming platforms and commercial production models have newly promoted creativity but also caused a decrease in the folk presence in the mainstream of music. This paper examines the loss of cultural identity in the production of contemporary music in the context in which traditional tunes, local instruments, local languages, oral narration and local song production techniques are being taken over by beats that are standardized, music arrangements that are electronically produced, and sounds that are marketable on the international scale. The study points out that popular songs are more and more about the marketability, digital fashions and the preferences of the international public, and are more and more minimizing the presence of local cultural manifestations. The deterioration of folk elements reduces the association of music with collective memory, especially in younger listeners where it is not so common to know the folk musical forms. The paper also admits that the new production technologies can be used creatively to retain cultural sounds along with the modern styles. The study also points to an integration of a balanced solution to be implemented to safeguard cultural identity in music – innovation cannot be the killing of tradition, but an opportunity to keep folk music alive in the popular music of the present day, while spreading the possibilities of innovation.
Cultural identity; folk music; modern music production; popular songs; traditional instruments
INTERACTIVE PERFORMANCE DESIGN AND AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT IN CONTEMPORARY THEATRE
In an age of digital media, the short span of people's attention spans, and differing cultural expectations, today's theatre is under growing pressure to capture an audience's attention, ensure emotional engagement, and foster extended engagement. Traditional performance models tend to engage the audience as passive recipients that are not always encouraged to delve into the experience, particularly for younger, more digital audiences. This paper analyses the impact of interactive performance design on issues of audience engagement in modern theatre. It investigates how participatory staging, immersive environments, immediate engagement of the audience, digital resources and real-time performer–spectator interaction enhance the emotional connection, immersion, and collective experience of the theatre. One of the main conclusions of the study is that interactive performance design can help the audience move from passive to active involvement which results in increased attentiveness, personal relevance and satisfaction. The paper also identifies a number of challenges: unwillingness of audiences to engage in participation, technical challenges, structural issues in the content of a story, adaptability of actors, and accessibility challenges. The results show that a balance is needed between the artistic authority and the freedom of the audience in the theatre. The use of interactive design should not replace traditional theatrical forms, it should be used in addition to and along with traditional theatrical forms. While interactive performance design is crucial to the revitalization of contemporary theatre, it must be context-sensitive, give the audience good guidance, and be complete in terms of both thematically and towards the performance goals.
Contemporary theatre; audience engagement; interactive performance design; participatory performance; immersive theatre
COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES TO DOCUMENTING ENDANGERED TRADITIONAL PAINTING PRACTICES
Traditional painting styles are important in terms of cultural identity, cultural heritage and knowledge transmission in the community. Now, though, in the digital age, those arts are vanishing as the number of digital design tools grows and digital visual materials are no longer in such short supply that their values are being undermined; tastes are changing and younger people have less affinity for handcrafted work. We discuss in this paper the documentation of traditional painting styles with the help of computer assisted techniques, more specifically the way digital technologies can help to document, classify, compare and conserve hand-made artistic practice in the long term. The research highlights the need for image processing, machine learning, digital archiving and pattern recognition to enable them to analyze their visual elements such as color composition, brushstroke texture, motif structure, and stylistic variation. The results indicate that by using computer-assisted techniques, endangered painting traditions may be retained through making them accessible in digital form, assisting artists and researchers, and raising awareness of the dangers and disappearance of art skills. In the meantime, the paper says that technology can't replace the skill of humans, but it is an assisting arm in cultural preservation. This study not only provides valuable insights for safeguarding traditional handcrafted painting styles but also supports the creation of sustainable solutions for the digital era.
Traditional painting styles; Handcrafted art; Digital preservation; Computer-assisted analysis; Cultural heritage
THE EFFECTS OF MIGRATION ON FAMILY DYNAMICS: A CASE STUDY OF IMMIGRANT FAMILIES IN EUROPE
This paper examines the impact of migration on family structures and intergenerational relationships among immigrant populations in Europe, with a focus on how family policies and socio-cultural contexts shape these dynamics. Using data from longitudinal surveys and international datasets, the study investigates how migration influences fertility patterns, work-family balance, and the living arrangements of immigrant families. The research reveals that while host-country policies can facilitate the integration of immigrant families, they often present challenges, particularly for women, due to gendered policies and cultural barriers. The study underscores the importance of adapting family policies to the diverse needs of immigrant populations, promoting a more inclusive approach to integration that takes into account the intersection of migration, gender, and cultural norms.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
ASSESSING THE ROLE OF SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAMS IN REDUCING INCOME INEQUALITY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
This paper investigates the role of social welfare programs in reducing income inequality across different global contexts. With a focus on fiscal policy instruments such as progressive taxes, government transfers, and social spending, the study analyzes the effectiveness of these programs in mitigating income disparities in both developed and developing nations. Using data from various international sources, including the World Bank and ILO, the research employs a quantitative approach to assess the relationship between social welfare spending and income inequality. The findings reveal that while advanced economies show substantial reductions in inequality through well-designed welfare programs, developing countries struggle to achieve similar outcomes due to factors like inefficient targeting and limited fiscal capacity. The paper provides valuable insights into the complexities of income redistribution and calls for targeted policy reforms to enhance the effectiveness of social welfare interventions, particularly in developing nations.
SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AND THEIR IMPACT ON ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION IN RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITIES
This paper explores the socioeconomic factors that influence access to higher education in rural and urban communities, with a particular focus on how disparities in income, parental education, access to resources, and geographic location impact students' ability to enroll in and complete tertiary education. Through a quantitative analysis, the study compares rural and urban students across several indicators, revealing significant barriers to college enrollment for rural students. The findings highlight that despite similar socioeconomic statuses, rural students consistently face lower college enrollment rates due to limited access to educational infrastructure, financial constraints, and geographic challenges. The paper calls for targeted policy interventions to improve access to higher education for rural students, including enhanced financial support, better access to technology, and efforts to address the geographical distribution of educational institutions. By examining these disparities, this study provides valuable insights into the persistent challenges faced by rural students and offers recommendations for fostering equitable access to postsecondary education.
THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY ON ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS
This paper investigates the influence of cultural diversity on organizational behavior within multinational corporations, with a focus on how diversity shapes team dynamics, communication, decision-making, and leadership. Employing a quantitative methodology, a survey-based research design was utilized to collect data from employees across different levels of multinational corporations in North America, Europe, and Asia. The study analyzed various cultural dimensions, such as individualism vs. collectivism, power distance, and communication styles, and examined their effects on team performance and productivity. The findings reveal that cultural diversity significantly influences organizational behavior, with differences in leadership preferences, decision-making styles, and communication strategies across employee levels. The research emphasizes the importance of cultural intelligence in leadership and the implementation of diversity management strategies to foster inclusivity, innovation, and collaboration within culturally diverse teams. These insights contribute to the growing body of knowledge in cross-cultural management and provide actionable recommendations for multinational corporations to effectively leverage cultural diversity as a competitive advantage.
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN SHAPING POLITICAL OPINIONS AND ITS IMPACT ON DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
The proliferation of social media platforms has fundamentally altered political discourse in developing countries, offering new avenues for civic engagement while also presenting challenges to democratic processes. This study explores the dual impact of social media on political opinion formation and democratic participation. Through a quantitative survey of 1,000 participants from developing countries, the study examines the relationship between social media usage patterns and political opinions, political polarization, and the spread of misinformation. The findings indicate that while social media platforms foster political mobilization and inclusivity, they also exacerbate political polarization and facilitate the rapid dissemination of misinformation. The paper discusses how these dynamics influence voter behavior, the legitimacy of political movements, and the overall health of democratic systems in the digital age. The study concludes with recommendations for addressing the negative aspects of social media engagement through policy interventions aimed at promoting accountability and reducing polarization
The Role of Language Preservation in Cultural Continuity
This study examined the role of language preservation in sustaining cultural continuity through a mixed-methods experimental design that integrated quantitative analysis with ethnographic inquiry. Data were collected from 450 participants across three regions, supported by interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation. Quantitative findings revealed a marked generational decline in native language use and intergenerational transmission, with younger cohorts showing significantly lower Language Vitality Index (LVI) scores. Regression models confirmed that language vitality and policy support were strong predictors of cultural continuity, while correlation analysis demonstrated robust associations between native language use, belonging indices, and continuity scores. Longitudinal data further indicated that native language practices have steadily declined over two decades, although hybridized linguistic forms have emerged as adaptive strategies. Qualitative insights enriched these patterns, showing that rituals, festivals, and symbolic practices conducted in native languages continue to serve as vital spaces for affirming identity and belonging. Media exposure was found to play a supportive but insufficient role, with community-driven initiatives and policy frameworks proving far more effective in sustaining continuity. Regional comparisons highlighted that areas with stronger policy protections and active cultural programming displayed higher continuity scores, whereas urbanized regions reflected hybridized but more fragile language practices. Collectively, these findings establish that language preservation is not only a cultural practice but also an existential necessity for intergenerational identity, collective memory, and resilience. The study concludes that preserving and revitalizing linguistic heritage requires a combination of policy recognition, technological innovation, and community-led strategies to safeguard cultural continuity in an era of globalization.
Copyright (c) 2024 Amada, Shameel Khan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Natural Language Processing for Early Depression Detection
This paper reviews the role of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in the detection of early symptoms of depression by analyzing text data obtained through clinical transcripts, internet forums and social media. The mixed-methods design was adopted that combined quantitative machine learning models and qualitative validation of the results with clinical literature. Preprocessing included tokenization, lemmatization, and embedding generation with models such as Word2Vec and BERT. Such handcrafted characteristics as sentiment polarity, grammatical difficulty and lexical richness were also included. Our experiments with various supervised learning models tried many of them. The strongest predicted accuracy levels were noted with the transformer-based architectures, and logistic regression and support vector machines were consistent in comparisons of the baseline. The findings revealed that NLP models would successfully detect signs of depression accurately with good precision, recall and AUC scores. This indicated that mixed linguistic representations are powerful. The SHAP values allowed perceiving the results by displaying the linguistic indicators that were quite close to the mental diagnostic criteria, including negative self-focus and hopelessness statements. The findings indicate NLP frameworks can enhance conventional mental health screening with the capacity to present scalable, proactive, and clinically suitable approaches to early intervention. The research contributes to the field of mental health informatics by integrating computational aspects with psychological concepts to provide a foundation of incorporating explainable AI into the clinical decision-making process.
Copyright (c) 2025 Amada, Irfan Ahmad (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Implications of AI-Driven Emotion Recognition Systems for Clinical Psychology
In the current paper, the development and therapeutic implications of AI-based emotion detection systems are discussed with regards to their use in clinical psychology. The study used a mixed-method approach of experimentation based on a quantitative machine learning framework and qualitative clinical methods to develop a unified model of multimodal emotion detection. Preprocessing and analyzing facial expression, speech and physiological response data were done using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) networks. This gave high classification accuracy in six major emotional categories. Evaluations by clinical experts were compared to model outputs and a strong concordance index was obtained, hence confirming reliability and clinical significance. The congruence of AI-based predictions with psychological ones was also supported by the qualitative theme analysis and indicated that the system could be used to track the treatment process and early diagnose emotional disorders. The appropriate implementation of AI technologies in healthcare was supported by such ethical practices as anonymization and the compliance with the HIPAA and GDPR. The results show that the emotion identification with AI can be improved significantly to enhance the accuracy of a diagnosis and personalization of treatment in clinical psychology, and it is imperative to continue enhancing AI to reduce bias and manage contextual heterogeneity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jawad Ali, Mashal Shahzadi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Ethical Implications of AI in Sociological Research
The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) in social sciences has presented opportunities and challenges, particularly in the sociological research. The study employed a mixed-methods design of experiment to investigate the ethics of AI application in coding, data analysis and interpretation. Quantitative findings revealed that AI models were correct between 0.70 and 0.95 percent of the times which is sometimes more accurate than human coders. Nevertheless, the fairness indices were not consistent and revealed the presence of bias within subgroups. Regression and ANOVA analyses found significant correlations among the characteristics of the researchers and the importance of ethical issues, and the most salient challenges were found to be privacy and prejudice. Interpretations of interviews and theme coding indicated that qualitative approaches highlighted the issue of ambivalence as specialists were aware of the potential benefits of AI and expressed concerns about transparency, responsibility, and systemic inequalities. Scatter plots, bubble charts, and network graphs which demonstrated the gap between the level of work and fairness of algorithms. The notion that AI can assist sociological research was reinforced by combining both sets of data with Bayesian triangulation, yet requires considerable protections in order to be utilized in an ethical manner. The present research provides an experimentally supported paradigm of the assessment of the role of AI in sociology, with a strong focus on the fact that when it is implemented, ethical considerations should be at the core of the practice.
Copyright (c) 2025 Samia Wasif, Ubaid Ur Rehman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
AI-Driven Predictive Analytics for Urban Crime Pattern Analysis
The proposed study is an experiment of machine learning and analysis of socio-spatial contexts aimed at exploring the relevance of artificial intelligence (AI)-based predictive analytics to urban crime patterns. A number of predictive algorithms like the Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Logistic Regression and Convolutional Neural Network models were developed to make forecasts of the likelihood of crime within urban environments using data acquired as crime records, demographics and geospatial mapping. The resiliency of the AI-driven models was tested and the measures of cross-validation and ROC-AUC indicated that AI-driven models were highly predictive. The levels of socioeconomic factors such as poverty, population density, and the quality of urban infrastructure were also predicted as significant predictors of crime incidence with SHAP interpretability analysis. Whilst odd variations in the frequency of crimes were identified through anomaly detection, cyclical hotspots and repeating patterns were also identified through temporal analysis. The complex nature of urban crime was shown through graphic representation, in the form of network diagrams, regression scatterplots, and hybrid bar-line plots. Notably, these findings were placed in context by using qualitative integration that demonstrated that effective decision-making must be based on interpretability and socio-spatial awareness despite the fact that numerical accuracy may have predictive capacity. The research finds that providing a robust, explainable, and reproducible framework capable of guiding evidence-based policy, policing strategies, and community-specific interventions in crime prevention, AI-based predictive analytics makes a theoretical and practical contribution to criminology.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Umair, Abdul Jabbar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Mapping Hidden Social Networks in Marginalized Communities Using Machine Learning
This paper takes a hybrid experimental methodology that integrates qualitative and quantitative methods in the investigation of the possible potential of machine learning in order to uncover implicit social networks in disadvantaged populations. Supervised and unsupervised learning models were combined with digital trace examination, focus groups (participatory), and ethnographic interviews to develop and test latent relational linkages. The results depict that there is significant disparity in the dynamics of trust, structural centrality, and community involvement where discrete clusters are observed all over the network. Although model analysis showed the ensemble and neural network classifiers to be the most effective, with F1-scores of more than 0.90, quantitative data, including communication frequency, semantic similarity, co-location information, and others, turned out to be potent predictors of hidden relationships. High levels of correspondence with relationships inferred were achieved through contextual dependability through community member validation. These findings were also reinforced by the visualizations that revealed the connection in modularity in cluster memberships, variance in trust and reciprocity distributions and patterns of communication and tie strength. Ethical considerations such as anonymization and differential privacy ensured protection of the participants and analytical rigour was ensured. The results of the study posit that mapping concealed societal systems through machine learning and participatory validation offers an effective, ethically sound model that has implications on formulating inclusive policy, promoting resilience, and empowering the underexemplified communities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aiman Shabbir, Saima Batool (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Role of Material Culture in Shaping Collective Memory
This study examined the role of material culture in shaping collective memory through a mixed-methods experimental design that combined ethnographic inquiry with quantitative modeling. Data were collected from 400 survey respondents, 70 in-depth interviews, and archival analyses across three field sites: diasporic communities, urban neighborhoods, and community museums. Quantitative findings confirmed that temporal depth, sensory engagement, and emotional resonance significantly predicted the strength of collective memory, as measured by the Material Memory Resonance Index (MMRI). Regression analysis further demonstrated that participatory practices such as rituals and exhibitions amplified the Object-Based Memory Impact (OBMI), underscoring the social dimensions of remembering. Longitudinal analysis from 2001 to 2020 revealed that while globalization and digitization have introduced transformations, material objects continue to anchor resilience and continuity in collective narratives. Qualitative findings enriched these results, showing that objects are not passive relics but active mediators of cultural belonging. Participants described heirlooms as anchors of identity, ritual artifacts as vehicles of solidarity, and museums as contested yet vital spaces for negotiating cultural narratives. Regional comparisons demonstrated that diasporic communities emphasized transgenerational inheritance, urban populations engaged with public monuments and art, and community museums served as sites of memory reclamation. Together, these results highlight that material culture embodies affective, symbolic, and social meanings that enable memory to endure, adapt, and transform. The study concludes that recognizing the role of material culture in sustaining collective memory has significant implications for heritage preservation, cultural policy, and community resilience in an increasingly globalized and digital world.
Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Asad Hameed, Muhammad Dilawaiz Khan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Urban Anthropology: The Study of Cultural Change in Mega-Cities
This study examined cultural change in mega-cities through a mixed-methods experimental design that integrated quantitative modeling with ethnographic inquiry. Data were collected from three global metropolitan regions—Mumbai, São Paulo, and Lagos—using structured surveys (n = 600), interviews, focus groups, and participant observation. Quantitative findings revealed that migration impacts and digital engagement were the strongest predictors of cultural resilience, while governance participation and informal economic practices also contributed significantly to the Cultural Change Index (CCI). Regression analysis confirmed that higher levels of migration adaptation, digital participation, and socioeconomic equity correlated with greater urban cultural resilience. Longitudinal trends indicated a steady rise in hybrid cultural practices between 2001 and 2020, reflecting adaptation to globalization and technological transformation. Qualitative results enriched these patterns, showing that residents interpreted belonging through rituals, festivals, and symbolic practices that persist despite structural inequalities. Narratives from diverse neighborhoods emphasized that cultural resilience was rooted in collective solidarity, informal governance, and everyday negotiations of difference. Regional comparisons further revealed that Mumbai’s resilience stemmed from migration-driven adaptation, São Paulo’s from informal governance and cultural activism, and Lagos’s from hybridized economic practices reinforcing solidarity. Collectively, the findings underscore that mega-cities are not culturally homogenized, but rather dynamic spaces of cultural negotiation where global and local forces intersect. The study concludes that urban anthropology provides critical frameworks for understanding cultural change in mega-cities, demonstrating the need for culturally sensitive governance and inclusive urban policies to sustain resilience and equity in rapidly expanding urban contexts.
Copyright (c) 2024 Rashid Khan, Muhammad Arif (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Relationship Between Kinship Systems and Social Structures
This study investigated the relationship between kinship systems and social structures using a mixed-methods experimental design that integrated ethnographic insights with quantitative analysis. Data were collected from 500 participants across three communities representing patrilineal, matrilineal, and bilateral kinship systems. Quantitative findings revealed that kinship network density (KND), inheritance rights, and community participation significantly predicted measures of social cohesion and governance robustness. Regression models confirmed that communities with higher KND and stronger inheritance norms displayed greater continuity scores, while correlation matrices showed strong associations between kinship obligations and governance participation. Longitudinal analysis further demonstrated a gradual decline in kinship obligations over two decades, though rituals and symbolic practices maintained continuity across generations. Qualitative findings enriched these results by highlighting how kinship is narrated as a moral obligation that extends beyond biological ties to encompass ritual affiliation, caregiving, and social reciprocity. Narratives from interviews and observations revealed that kinship serves as a cultural framework that legitimizes governance, structures economic exchange, and preserves intergenerational identity. Regional comparisons showed that while patrilineal systems reinforced authority and inheritance, matrilineal frameworks supported gender equity, and bilateral systems facilitated adaptability under conditions of migration and modernization. Collectively, these findings underscore that kinship is not merely a traditional structure but a dynamic and evolving institution that anchors social cohesion, governance, and cultural resilience. The study concludes that recognizing the central role of kinship can inform policies and programs aimed at strengthening community participation, equity, and sustainable social development
Copyright (c) 2024 Irum Habib, Rauf Hissam (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Medical Anthropology and Its Implications for Public Health
This study examined the implications of medical anthropology for public health through a mixed-methods experimental design that integrated quantitative analysis with qualitative ethnographic inquiry. Data were collected from 500 participants across three regions, complemented by in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation. Quantitative findings revealed that structural vulnerability, health behavior indices, and community participation significantly predicted public health continuity, with regression models confirming that higher community participation and trust in pluralistic healing systems correlated with stronger continuity scores. Longitudinal analysis highlighted steady declines in preventive health behaviors in structurally vulnerable populations, while regions with robust community engagement and cultural integration demonstrated greater resilience. Correlation matrices further established strong relationships between anthropological indicators—such as explanatory models of illness, healer preferences, and trust in health systems—and measurable health outcomes. Qualitative results enriched these patterns, showing that individuals framed illness not only through biomedical categories but also through cultural narratives rooted in kinship, spirituality, and collective wellbeing. Participant observations highlighted that rituals, caregiving practices, and traditional healing systems provided both symbolic and practical resources that strengthened health outcomes when combined with biomedical interventions. Community voices emphasized that public health initiatives were most successful when they validated cultural practices and actively involved local stakeholders in program design. Taken together, these results demonstrate that medical anthropology offers essential frameworks for interpreting health beyond biomedical models, ensuring interventions are scientifically effective, culturally resonant, and socially sustainable. The study concludes that embedding anthropological perspectives in public health policy and practice is necessary for advancing equity, resilience, and meaningful health outcomes across diverse populations.
Copyright (c) 2024 Aftab Ahmed, Saad Abdullah, Rabia Nasir (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Food Culture and Its Relationship with Social Identity
This study investigated the intricate relationship between food culture and social identity using a mixed-methods experimental design that integrated ethnographic insights with quantitative analysis. Data were collected from 400 participants across three regions, supplemented with interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation. The quantitative findings revealed generational disparities in food practices, showing a significant decline in traditional food consumption and recipe transmission among younger cohorts. Regression analysis confirmed that food identity indicators—including traditional culinary engagement, hybrid identity ratios, and belonging scores—were significant predictors of social identity, while correlation matrices highlighted strong associations between cultural practices and perceived belonging. Longitudinal analysis demonstrated that while traditional food practices have declined over two decades, hybridized culinary forms have increased, reflecting adaptation to globalization. Qualitative results enriched these findings, emphasizing that food rituals, festivals, and symbolic acts of cooking remain crucial spaces for reinforcing community identity and resisting cultural homogenization. The analysis also revealed regional variations, with communities that emphasized food festivals and cultural tourism exhibiting higher belonging indices and stronger resilience against identity erosion. Conversely, urbanized populations demonstrated hybridized food identities shaped by media exposure and globalized food trends. These findings collectively highlight food culture as both a site of vulnerability and resilience, capable of sustaining cultural memory while also generating new, hybridized forms of identity. The study concludes that recognizing the role of food in shaping identity can inform cultural policy, education, and community engagement strategies, ensuring that culinary traditions continue to foster social cohesion and cultural sustainability in a globalized world.
Copyright (c) 2024 Faran Muhammad, Muneeba (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Anthropological Perspectives on Migration and Identity
This study explores the anthropological dimensions of migration and identity through a mixed-methods approach that integrates ethnographic narratives with quantitative statistical analysis. Data were gathered from 500 respondents across three host regions, supplemented by in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation. The results reveal a clear intergenerational decline in cultural participation and language retention, with younger cohorts exhibiting lower identity continuity scores than elders. Regression analyses identified globalization exposure, media consumption, and generational status as significant predictors of the Identity Continuity Index, while correlation tests confirmed strong negative associations between globalization intensity and indigenous language vitality. At the same time, qualitative insights highlighted resilience strategies such as hybrid cultural expressions, community-led revitalization initiatives, and transnational networks that sustain belonging across borders. Regional analysis indicated heterogeneous outcomes: communities with greater political autonomy and stronger cultural institutions demonstrated higher resilience against identity erosion. Visualizations, including line, bar, pie, scatter, and hybrid plots, further underscored the dual trajectory of migration as both a driver of cultural loss and a catalyst for innovative identity reconstruction. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that migration should not be reduced to a narrative of cultural decline but rather understood as a dynamic process that simultaneously challenges and reconstitutes identity. The study concludes that sustaining migrant identities requires policies that prioritize community agency, intercultural dialogue, and the embedding of indigenous epistemologies within educational and civic frameworks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Farhat Nisar, Muhammad Manshoor Hussain Abbasi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Effect of Globalization on Indigenous Cultural Practices
This study investigated the multifaceted impact of globalization on indigenous cultural practices through a mixed-methods experimental approach integrating qualitative ethnographic inquiry and quantitative statistical modeling. Data were collected from 600 respondents across three culturally diverse regions, complemented by interviews and focus group discussions. The results revealed a consistent intergenerational decline in language retention and cultural participation, with younger cohorts demonstrating lower continuity indices compared to elders. Regression analyses confirmed that globalization exposure and media consumption were significant predictors of cultural continuity, explaining substantial variance in cultural participation levels. Correlation analyses further demonstrated strong negative associations between globalization indices and indigenous language vitality, reinforcing the evidence of cultural erosion. At the same time, qualitative findings highlighted resilience and adaptation strategies, including hybridized cultural expressions and revitalization initiatives, indicating that globalization also provides opportunities for cultural renewal. Regional analysis revealed heterogeneity in outcomes, with communities exercising greater political autonomy displaying stronger resistance to cultural homogenization. Figures demonstrated both declining longitudinal trends in participation and innovative forms of hybrid identity construction. Together, these findings illustrate that globalization is not a unidirectional force of cultural loss but rather a complex process producing both vulnerability and empowerment. The study concludes that sustaining indigenous practices in the global era requires policies and frameworks that prioritize indigenous agency, strengthen community-led initiatives, and integrate indigenous epistemologies into education, governance, and media.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ahmed Mukhtar, Muhammad Usman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Role of Rituals in Maintaining Social Cohesion in Tribal Communities
This study examined the role of rituals in maintaining social cohesion among tribal communities through a mixed-method experimental design integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative analyses across nine datasets revealed that ritual participation significantly enhanced trust indices, cooperation in collective tasks, cultural identity retention, governance participation, and emotional well-being. Regression models demonstrated that ritual frequency and intensity were strong predictors of overall social cohesion scores, while intergenerational rituals proved essential for knowledge transfer and cultural continuity. Qualitative insights obtained through ethnographic observations and interviews enriched these findings by highlighting how rituals provide symbolic meaning, regulate emotions, and reinforce shared identities. Twelve figures illustrated the multidimensional contributions of rituals across domains, including trust, resilience, and cooperation, while comparative analyses emphasized the adaptability of rituals in both traditional and digital contexts. The results collectively affirm that rituals are not only symbolic expressions but adaptive cultural strategies that sustain unity, resilience, and ecological balance within tribal societies. These findings underscore the necessity of protecting ritual practices as vital cultural institutions, while also recognizing their evolving forms in response to modernization.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ayesha Irum, Muhammad Bilal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Cultural Adaptation Strategies Among Indigenous Populations
This study investigated the effectiveness of cultural adaptation strategies among Indigenous populations through a mixed-method experimental design that integrated quantitative assessments with qualitative narratives. Quantitative analyses across nine datasets revealed that communities implementing cultural adaptation measures consistently achieved higher cultural resilience index scores, greater language revitalization success, and improved health, education, and governance outcomes compared to groups without adaptation. Regression modeling confirmed that the intensity of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) practices, language programs, and community governance participation were strong predictors of resilience outcomes. Qualitative insights from interviews and focus groups enriched these findings by highlighting the symbolic significance of language, intergenerational knowledge transfer, and cultural continuity as essential to identity and well-being. Twelve figures provided multidimensional visualization of adaptation processes, including line, bar, scatter, pie, radar, and hybrid plots, illustrating both correlations and long-term patterns. Together, these results demonstrate that cultural adaptation is not merely a defensive response to external pressures but an active and dynamic strategy for sustaining Indigenous identity, autonomy, and resilience. Policy implications emphasize the necessity of supporting Indigenous-led initiatives, integrating traditional ecological practices into environmental management, and expanding culturally grounded education programs to ensure the long-term sustainability of Indigenous communities in the face of modern challenges.
Copyright (c) 2024 Nadya Qamar Chishty, Sobia Anees Shahzad (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Functioning
This study investigated the effects of sleep deprivation on multiple domains of cognitive functioning using a mixed-methods experimental design. A total of 120 participants were randomly assigned to total deprivation, partial restriction, or control conditions, with cognitive performance assessed at baseline and post-manipulation. Quantitative analyses revealed that both partial and total sleep loss significantly impaired sustained attention on the Psychomotor Vigilance Task, reduced working memory accuracy on the N-back task, and increased Stroop interference, demonstrating executive control deficits. Subjective sleepiness ratings on the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale rose sharply in sleep-deprived groups, while reaction time variability confirmed heightened cognitive instability. Correlational analyses established strong associations between reduced sleep duration and declines across cognitive measures, and exploratory factor analysis highlighted distinct impairment clusters in attention and executive functioning. Longitudinal follow-up indicated partial recovery after rest, though executive deficits persisted. Qualitative findings supported these outcomes, as participants reported “cognitive fog,” difficulty sustaining focus, and emotional dysregulation under sleep loss. The integration of objective and subjective data underscores that sleep deprivation exerts broad, multi-domain impairments on cognition that extend beyond simple lapses of vigilance. These results emphasize the critical role of adequate sleep in maintaining academic, occupational, and public safety performance, and highlight the need for policies and interventions that safeguard sleep health.
Copyright (c) 2023 Naveed Hussain, Zahid Ali (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Role of Personality Traits in Career Decision-Making
This study explored the influence of personality traits on career decision-making using a mixed-methods experimental design that integrated quantitative analysis with qualitative insights. A sample of 500 undergraduate students completed measures of the Big Five personality traits, career decision-making self-efficacy, and career decision-making difficulties. Regression results revealed that conscientiousness and openness were significant positive predictors of self-efficacy, while neuroticism was strongly associated with heightened decision-making difficulties. ANOVA analyses highlighted meaningful differences across academic disciplines, suggesting that certain fields attract distinct trait profiles. Post-intervention findings demonstrated that personality-focused career counseling workshops significantly improved decision-making clarity and self-confidence among participants. Longitudinal follow-up confirmed that these improvements were sustained over time. Qualitative data from interviews and focus groups supported the quantitative outcomes, with students reporting that self-awareness of traits enhanced their sense of vocational fit, adaptability, and coping strategies in career planning. Visualizations and statistical tables consistently showed robust links between personality and career outcomes, with conscientiousness and openness emerging as the most beneficial traits. The integration of both strands affirms that embedding personality assessment into career counseling can reduce decision-making difficulties and enhance adaptability. These findings provide strong evidence for personality-informed frameworks in higher education career guidance, promoting effective, confident, and sustainable career trajectories.
Copyright (c) 2023 Irfan Ahmad, Rashid Khan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions for Reducing Adolescent Anxiety in School Environments
This study investigated the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral interventions (CBIs) in reducing adolescent anxiety within school environments through a mixed-methods experimental design. A randomized controlled trial involving 400 students demonstrated that those who participated in school-based CBIs showed significant reductions in anxiety symptoms compared to control groups receiving standard counseling services. Regression and ANOVA analyses confirmed that intervention exposure, baseline severity, and sociodemographic covariates influenced post-intervention outcomes, with the intervention group showing marked improvements in academic performance, self-efficacy, and coping skills. Teacher-reported observations supported these findings, noting enhanced classroom behavior and participation. Qualitative data from interviews and focus groups highlighted students’ perceptions of improved resilience, reduced avoidance behaviors, and greater reliance on adaptive coping strategies. Results from nine statistical tables and twelve visualizations provided robust evidence that CBIs not only alleviated anxiety but also positively impacted academic engagement, peer relationships, and physical well-being, with effects sustained at three-month follow-up. The integration of quantitative and qualitative evidence underscores that CBIs are both effective and acceptable in school contexts. These findings advocate for embedding CBT-based approaches into school mental health frameworks, offering scalable and sustainable solutions to address adolescent anxiety and promote resilience across diverse educational settings.
Copyright (c) 2023 Muneeba, Mahreen Saleem (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Impact of Social Isolation on Elderly Populations
This study investigated the multifaceted impact of social isolation on elderly populations through a mixed-methods design integrating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. Data collected from 600 older adults across varying living arrangements revealed that loneliness was significantly higher among those living alone and in institutional care compared to those residing with family or a spouse. Regression analysis confirmed that reduced social interaction and higher perceived loneliness predicted elevated depressive symptoms, lower cognitive scores, poorer sleep quality, and increased prevalence of chronic illness. ANOVA results further indicated that socioeconomic status moderated the relationship between isolation and health outcomes, with disadvantaged groups displaying heightened vulnerability. Qualitative narratives enriched these findings by highlighting emotional struggles, loss of identity, and reduced resilience among socially disconnected participants, while also demonstrating that meaningful community engagement and family support acted as protective buffers. Figures and tables consistently illustrated the associations between isolation and reduced quality of life, whereas visualizations such as radar charts and heatmaps underscored the interconnectedness of cognitive, physical, and psychological dimensions. Taken together, the results demonstrate that social isolation is not only a determinant of mental health decline but also a significant contributor to physical morbidity in older adults. Importantly, the study concludes that interventions aimed at strengthening social networks, enhancing community programs, and reducing socioeconomic disparities can mitigate the negative consequences of isolation and promote healthier, more resilient aging trajectories.
Copyright (c) 2023 Muhammad Nawaz, Maria Haqqani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Role of Family Structures in Shaping Youth Behavior
This study examined the role of family structures in shaping youth behavior through a mixed-methods experimental design, integrating quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews. Data were collected from adolescents aged 12–18 across nuclear, single-parent, and stepfamilies, with additional attention to socioeconomic status and parenting styles. Quantitative analyses using regression and ANOVA revealed that adolescents from nuclear families demonstrated stronger social competence and lower aggression scores, while those from single-parent households exhibited higher levels of anxiety and emotional vulnerability, particularly in contexts of low cohesion and conflict. Stepfamilies showed more variability, with elevated identity struggles but also resilience when strong parental involvement was present. Regression results indicated that parental involvement significantly moderated the effects of family Qualitative findings enriched the statistical patterns by highlighting the importance of communication quality, conflict resolution strategies, and paternal engagement as protective factors across all family structures. Results from nine large-scale data tables and twelve complex figures demonstrated consistent associations between supportive parenting and positive youth adjustment, with visualizations underscoring the moderating role of socioeconomic context and parenting style. The convergence of findings confirmed that family structure is an influential but non-deterministic factor, with youth outcomes shaped by dynamic interactions between structure, relationships, and context. These insights underscore the necessity of policies and interventions that strengthen parenting practices, support single-parent and stepfamilies, and address socioeconomic disparities to promote resilience and well-being in adolescents.
Copyright (c) 2023 Saima Batool, Hafeez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0